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| Welfare Work Under
Apartheid |
Other than through employment,
many blacks met whites through charity organisations and church.
In the early 1960s Cape Town had 288 welfare organisations offering a wide
range of services from medical care and burial services (to Muslims), to
assistance for 'genteel' whites to maintain their standard of living.
CAFDA and SHAWCO ran clinics, community centres, soup kitchens and gave out
toys at children's parties on the Cape Flats. CAFDA even purchased land for its
own housing scheme in Retreat, and both this and various industrial training
centres had the aim of 'rehabilitating' black people through 'personal
discipline', 'cleanliness' and 'sympathetic, but firm guidance'.
During the 1960s a critique of this paternalistic stance grew under the
influence of Marxists who felt that it treated symptoms rather than causes.
There was some racial hostility towards white providers of welfare, and with
the rise of 'black consciousness' their point gained intellectual credibility.
Some organisations learned the hard way of the importance of consultation with
local communities.
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